Hello and blessings,
We continue our fascinating study of Brit Shalom, which can be described as a Shulchan Aruch—a halachic guide—for Noahides. After learning the principles of how Noahide laws are derived, we are now immersed in the third chapter, which deals with the prohibition of idolatry.
Idolatry, or paganism, has been the primary struggle of Judaism since the days of Abraham and remains so to this day. This prohibition is binding on Noahides as well, and we are now delving into the specific details of this prohibition. This chapter, titled positively, "The Knowledge of God," explores the topic in depth.
Here is what it says:
"It is forbidden to worship idols. What does it mean to worship idols?"
There is a distinction between actions that are specific to a particular deity and actions that are considered worship in a general sense.
Specific vs. General Worship:
For example, if a particular idol’s worship involves dancing, shooting an arrow, or something similar, performing those specific actions in the context of that idol is forbidden. However, if someone were to dance in honor of an idol whose worship does not traditionally involve dancing, they would not be punished for it.
Universal Prohibitions:
Certain actions, however, are always forbidden, regardless of context.
In paragraph 7 of chapter three, the text outlines:
"The ritual acts prohibited when not directed toward the Creator include bowing, as a form of worship, where one bows to the idol; animal slaughter as a sacrifice; burning offerings or incense; pouring a libation of liquid—whether wine, oil, or water—in honor of the idol; and ritual statements that involve accepting the idol, such as saying, 'You are my god.'”
This is analogous to Judaism’s practice of accepting the yoke of divine kingship through the recitation of Shema Yisrael—“Hear O Israel, the Lord is our God, the Lord is one.” If someone were to say a similar statement to another entity, such as “You are my god,” this would fall under the prohibition.
These acts—bowing, sacrificing, offering libations, or declaring allegiance—are prohibited and punishable even if they are not customary practices within the particular religion or cult.
Prayers and Other Ritual Acts:
Additionally, it is forbidden to pray to an idol or perform any ritual act specific to its worship. For example, if the idol’s worship involves dancing or wearing a particular garment, performing such acts would also be prohibited and punishable.
In summary, the main prohibitions of idolatry for Noahides include specific ritual acts like bowing, sacrificing, pouring libations, and declarations of allegiance, as well as engaging in any other form of worship unique to that idol.
